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'E' -'A8G G'  SRAM ' Static RAM '2 ',2' (G F'E AD~ AD'~ G' *4D 4/G 'F/ H (1' -A8 '7D'9'* AB7 F'2 (G *:0G /'1F/. H'6- '3* G '2 D-'8 E/'1 -'A8G G' DRAM '2 ~/ E*1 /1 EB'3G (' SRAM G' (1.H1/'1F/ 21' G1 AD~ AD'~ .H/ '2 F/F *1'F23*H1 *4D 4/G '3*. '2 71A /1 -'A8G  DRAM(G /DD H,H/ .'2F  (1 .D'A FH9 /1 *H'F' FG/'1 '7D'9'* 1' /1 :'( *:0G /1 -/H/ F/ ED +'FG /'1' E ('4/. 'E' EG*1F H SRAM /1 EB'3G (' DRAM 319* ('D'*1 (-/H/ 4 (1'(1) "F '3* 21' DRAM /1 E/* FH3'2 B'/1 (G FH4*F ' .H'F/F '7D'9'* F3*. (F'(1'F '2 SRAM G' E9EHD' /1 Cache ~1/'2F/G G' '3*A'/G E 4H/. '2 3H /1 (G /DD 3'/G *1 (H/F 3'.*E'F DRAM G' BE* "F G' ~'F *1 E ('4/ (F'(1'F E9EHD' /1 33*E G' 'E~H*1 '2 DRAM G' '3*A'/G E 4H/. /1 EH1/ DRAM G' *B3E (F/ G' /1 F81 PCMCIA memory card ,EDO DRAM ,FPM DRAM ,SDRAM, DDR AM, RDRAM H :1G H ,H/ /'1F/ G /1 -'D -'61 'F '3'E (4*1 ,F(G *,'1 /'1F/ H (1' E7'D9G /1 EH1/ "F G' E *H'F/ (G 3'* G' 41* G' 3'2F/G  "F G' E1',9G F/. -'A8G G' ROM ROM 31F'E Read Only Memory ' -'A8G  AB7 .H'F/F '3*. ROM G' (1'3'3 1H4 FH4*F '7D'9'* ,// H *9/'/ ('2FH3  *B3E (F/ E 4HF/. '5HD' ROM G' '2 "1'G ' '2 *1'F23*H1 G' *4D 4/G 'F/ G G1 /'E '2 3DHD G' /'1'  AH2 0H( 4/F '3* G /1 2E'F ~1H1'E 4/F /1 5H1* G F'2 (G H,H/ 5A1 EF7B ('4/ AH2 "F 3DHD 0H( E 4H/ H /1 :1 'F5H1* "F .'FG -'H  EF7B E ('4/. (F'(1'F '7D'9'* EH,H/ /1 ROM G' :1 A1'1 (H/G H /1 :'( *:0G -A8 E 4HF/ H E9EHD' (1' FG/'1 / F1E 'A2'1G' /1 33*E G' E1H~1H33H1 '3*A'/G E 4HF/. ROM G' (G 3G /3*G *B3E E 4HF/ G  FH9 "F ROM ~H44 ' Masked ROM E ('4/ G E9EHD' *H37 '1.'FG 3'2F/G (1F'EG 12 E 4H/. 'F FH9 ROM G' ~3 '2 FH4*F B'(D ~' 4/F F3*F/ H E9EHD' /1 *1' *HD/ ('D' (3'1 '12'F BE* G3*F/.  E1-DG ('D'*1 '2 ROM G' ~H44  PROM G' ' ROM G' B'(D (1F'EG 12 E ('4F/ G (H3DG /3*'G (G F'E ~1H1'E1 '7D'9'* EH1/ F'2 /1HF "F G' B1'1 E 1/. PROM G' AB7  ('1 (1F'EG 12 E 4HF/ '2 'F 1H "F G' (OTP Device (On-Time Programmable F2 E F'EF/. ~3 '2 PROM G' EPROM G' B1'1 /'1F/ G GE'FF/ PROM G' B'(D (1F'EG 12 G3*F/ 'E' '7D'9'* EH,H/ /1 "F G' B'(D ~' 4/F '3*. ~' 1/F '7D'9'* ' Reset 1/F EPROM (H3DG  '49G  A1'(FA4 'F,'E E 4H/ (/F 5H1* G *1'4G 3DHF (H3DG  ~F,1G ' G 1H Package "F B1'1 /'1/ /1 E916 '49G E'H1' (FA4 B1'1 /'/G E 4H/ H '7D'9'* EH,H/ /1 "F ~' E 4H/. 'D(*G /1 *9/'/ /A9'* ~' 4/F 'F -'A8G G' E-/H/* H,H/ /'1/ G (1' '7D'9 '2 'F *9/'/ ('/ (G (1G '7D'9'* "F E1',9G 1/. -'A8G G' *1( ' Hybrid (' ~41A* *FHDH -'A8G G' /1 3'D G' '.1  E12 (F ROM G' RAM E-H 4/G '3*. (/F 5H1* G -'A8G G' 3'.*G 4/G 'F/ G '2  3H '7D'9'* EH,H/ /1 "F G' /1 :'( *:0G -A8 E 4H/ H '2 3H /1 (H3DG  3F'D G' 'D*1 B'(D ('2FH3 G3*F/. (F'(1'F '2 'F -'A8G G' (G F'E *1( ' Hybrid '/ E 4H/. -'A8G G' *1( (G 3G FH9 EEPROM, Flash H NVRAM *B3E E 4HF/ G /H*' 'HD '2 F3D ROM G' G3*F/ H NVRAM FH9 *:1 'A*G ' '2 RAM G' 3*. EEPROM G 31F'E Electrically Erasable and Programmable ROM '3*  GE'FF/ EPROM B'(D (1F'EG 12 E,// '3* 'E' (1' ~' 4/F F'2 (G '49G  E'H1' (FA4 /'1/ H (5H1* 'D*1 B'(D ~' 4/F '3*. -'A8G G' Flash -'H *1( '2 (G*1F E4.5'* -'A8G G' G *'FHF (113 4/ G3*F/. 'F -'A8G G' /'1' 'D ('D'  BE* ~'F  :1 A1'1  319* ('D' (/1 .HF/F) H FH4*F 'D*1 G3*F/ '2 'F 1H 'F -'A8G G' /1 (3'1 '2 EH'1/ ,'2F -'A8G G' EEPROM 4/G 'F/. '2 //'G F1E 'A2'1 -'A8G G' Flash (3'1 4(G EEPROM G' G3*F/ 'E' *A'H* "F G' /1 'F '3* G /1 -'A8G G' Flash /1 D-8G 'E'F ~' 4/F  3*H1 H,H/ /'1/ FG  ('*. /1 -'D G EEPROM G' 'E'F ~' 4/F ('* (G ('* 1' /'1F/. E9EHD' 3*H1 G' 'F/'2G ' (F 256 ('* *' 16 DH ('* 1' /'1F/. (' H,H/ 'F E2* EEPROM G' F3(* (G Flash  -'A8G G' Flash '2 E-(H(* (4*1 (1.H1/'1F/ H GE'F 7H1 G '4'1G 4/ ,'2F (3'1 '2 ROM G' 4/G 'F/. 4D 21  -'A8G  Flash 1' F4'F E /G/ G (G 9FH'F Bios 'E~H*1 '3*A'/G 4/G '3*. 3HEF FH9 '2 -'A8G G' *1( NVRAM G' G3*F/. 'F FH9 -'A8G E+D ROM G' :1 A1'1 G3*F/ 'E' '2 D-'8 3'.*E'F *A'H* 2'/ (' ROM G' /'1F/. /1 H'B9 'F FH9 -'A8G  FH9 SRAM G3*F/ G /'1'  ('*1 ~4*('F G3*F/. H8AG 'F ('*1 'F '3* G /1 2E'F B79 *:0G ,1'F D'2E 1' (1' -A7 '7D'9'* /1 -'A8G *'EF F/. '1G 'F FH9 -'A8G G' (/DD H,H/ ('*1 1'F BE* G3*F/ 'E' '3*A'/G '2 "F G' E-/H/ '3* H (1' -A7 EB/'1 E '7D'9'* '3*A'/G E 4HF/. RAM 4'ED /H FH9 '3* : 'J3*' H ~HJ' . E*/'HD*1JF H '12'F*1JF RAM /1 H'B9 FH9J .'2F '3* G EJ*H'F/ 4'1 'D*1JJ 1' /1 .H/ -A8 1/G H F4'F /GF/G J (J* '2 /'/G ('4/. E*'3A'FG .'2F AB7 (G E/* H*'GJ EJ*H'F/ 4'1 'D*1JJ 1' /1 .H/ -A8 F/ H ('J/ (7H1 E1*( E-*HJ'*4 *,/J/ 4H/. (G GEJF /DJD RAM E(*FJ (1 'JF 1H4 1' (RAM ~HJ' ) J' " DRAM " EJHJF/. FEHFG 31J9*1 H 1'F BJE* *1J '2 RAM FJ2 H,H/ /'1/ G /1 "F '2 DJ/ G'J (3J'1 HJ (G F'E ADJ~ AD'~ '3*A'/G 4/G '3* . 'JF DJ/ G' B79G G'J ~'J/'1J (H/G H *' 2E'FJ G ,1J'F 'D*1JJ ,/J/J (G "FG' '9E'D F4/G ('4/ EJ*H'FF/ E-*HJ'* J (J* 1' /1 .H/ FG/'1J FF/. RAM E(*FJ (1 'JF 1H4 ( RAM 'J3*' ) J' " SRAM " F'EJ/G EJ4H/. 'FH'9 E*/'HD RAM: SRAM Static random access memory '2 F/JF *1'F2J3*H1 G (G 7H1 E9EHD 4 J' 6 9// EJ('4/ (1' 3'.* G1 3DHD -'A8G '3*A'/G EJFF/.H /'1' .'2F /1 3DHDG' -'A8G FEJ('4F/ . 'JF FH9 1E (1' 3'.* -'A8G cacheEH1/ '3*A'/G B1'1 EJJ1/. DRAM Dynamic random access memory '2 *1'F2J3*H1G' H .'2F (1' *4JD 3DHDG' -'A8G '3*A'/G EJ4H/ H (G J *'2G 3'2 +'(* '-*J', /'1/. FPM DRAM Fast page mode dynamic random access memory 'JF FH9 1EG' 4D F.3*JF DRAMEJ('4F/.'JF FH9 1E /1 *E'E E/* *9JJF FEH/F 371 H 3*HF (J* EF*81 EJE'F/ 3~3 'F (J* 1' B(D '2 'JFG 'JF 9ED (1' J (J* /J1 41H9 4H/ EJ.H'F/. E'2JEE F1. 'F*B'D '7D'9'* (G 4 L2*B1J(' (1'(1176 E'('J* (1+'FJG '3*. EDO DRAM Extended data-out dynamic random access memory...... 'JF (J* /1 *E'E E/*J G (1 1H 'HDJF 9EDJ'* 'F,'E EJ4H/ EF*81FEJ E'F/. (G E-6 "FG '/13 'HDJF (J* E4.5 4/ EDO DRAM (G /F('D '/13 /HEJF (J* EJ1//. 'JF /1 -/H/ 5 /15/ 31J9*1 '2 FPM EJ('4/. E'2JEE F1. 'F*B'D '7D'9* (G 4 L2(1'(1 '3* (' *B1J(' 264 E'('J* (1 +'FJG. SDRAM Synchronous dynamic random access memory.................... 'JF FH9 1E E2J* -'D* 'F*B'D ~J'~J 1' 1' /'1/ H (7H1 DJ EH,( ('D' 1A*F '1'JJ EJ4H/.'F 'JF '1 1' (G 'JF5H1* 'F,'E EJ/G/ G (1 1H 1/JAG'JJ G /1 (1 J1F/G (J*G' .H'3*G 4/G G3*F/ EJ E'F/ 3~3 (G 319* (1 1H 3*HFG' -1* EJ F/ H G1 (J* 1' EJ.H'F/.9BJ/G (1 'JF '3* G '+1 2E'FG'JJ G CPU(G '7D'9'* '-*J', /'1/ (G 7H1 E*H'DJ EJ('4/. H E*/'HD *1F FH9 1E EH,H/ /1 ('2'1 EJ('4/.-/ '+1 F1. '7D'9'* '7D'9'* (G CACHE L2 (1'(1 '3* (' 528 E'('J* (1 +'FJG EJ('4/. RDRAM Rambus dynamic random access memory............................. 'JF FH9 1E J ,G4 (FJ'/JF '2 1EG' (' E9E'1 DRAMEJ('4/. 1E 71'-J 4/G *H37 Rambus'2 E',HDG' Rambus in-line memory module (RIMM)'3*A'/G EJF/ H '2 D-'8 ~J1(F/ ~'JG G' H 'F/'2G 4(JG E',HDG' DIMMEJ('4/.J2 G Rambus1' E*A'H* EJF/ '3*A'/G "F /1 J 01'G 'F*B'D '7D'9'* (' 319* ('D' G (G "F 'F'D Rambus A*G EJ4H/ '3*.J~ G' -'A8G /1 RDRAM(G 7H1 EH'2 '1 EJFF/ *' 'F*B'D '7D'9'* 1' /1 319* 800MHz(/3* "H1F/. DDR-SDRAM "GF 'F*B'D /'/G G' /1 (3'E/G' 100 H 133 E'G1*2 (G 1.6 J'('J* (1 +'FJG PC200 H 2.1J'('J* (1 +'FJGPC266EJ13/.'JF FH9 1E /'/G G'1'/1 G1/HFJE *~4 '13'D HJ' /1J'A* EJF/.ALIH AMDH VIA *1'4G G'JJ (1' 'JF FH9 -'A8G *HDJ/ 1/G 'F/.'JF FH9 1E GE 'FHF FJ2 /1 -'D ~J41A* '3* H E/DG' ,/J/ *1 "F (' 319*G' ('D' *1 /1 -'D 1'GJ'(J (G ('2'1 EJ('4F/. Credit Card Memory ............................................................................................. J FH9 1E '.*5'5J '3* G /1 .H/ E',HDG' 1E DRAM1' /1 (1 EJJ1/ H /1 J '3D'* HJG /1 'E~JH*1 G' Note book B1'1 EJJ1/ . PCMCIA Memory Card..................................................................................... J FH9 /J1 '2 E',HDG' 1E 'E~JH*1 G' Note book '3* G /1 .H/ /'1' DRAMEJ('4/. '1*G'JJ '2 'JF FH9 '.*5'5J FJ3*F/ H /1 G1 Note bookG ('3 3J3*E 'F (' ~J1(F/ 1E 3'2'1 ('4/ '1 EJ/G/. FlashRAM "JF J F'E DJ '3* (1' EB/'1 EJ '2 -'A8G G *H37 *DHJ2JHFG' H HJ/JH G' H 1'/JHG' E'4JFG' '3*A'/G EJ1// H (1' FG/'1 '7D'9'* /'JEJ ('1 EJ1H/.-*J GF'EJ G 'FG' .'EH4 G3*F/ '2 J EB/'1 EJ 'F1 (1' *'2G 3'2J E-*HJ'* -'A8G '3*A'/G EJFF/.'JF (G 'JF .'71 '3* G '1 (1B B79 H H5D 4H/ E+D' 3'9* (1 1H 12:00 B1'1 FJ1/. GEFJF (G 'JF .'71 '3* G GF'EJ G ('71 E'4JF 4E' *E'E EJ4H/ '7D'9'* '2 ~J4 *F8JE 4/G 1' '2 /3* F/GJ/.'E~JH*1 4E' GEFJF /'1' J Flash RAM'3* *' *F8PE'*J E'FF/ *F6JE'* HARD DISK 1' (G .'71 'H1/. VRAM 'JF 1E G (G F'E multiport dynamic random access memory (MPDRAM)GE 4F'.*G EJ4H/ G (7H1 .'5 (1' HJ/&H "/'~*H1G' J' 4*'( /GF/G G' 1'AJJ '3*A'/G EJ4H/ . (.4 multiport ........................................................................... 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